sábado, 26 de marzo de 2011

31.) ADJETIVOS




"What a beautiful red, yellow and blue macaw"!








Hay muchas formas y construcciones en como usar los "ADJETIVOS"
En inglés, los adjetivos van delante del sustantivo:
Ejemplos:
-I have a green bike = Tengo una bici verde
-It´s a nice song = Es una canción bonita
-Do you have an important job? =  ¿Tienes un trabajo importante?
-There are a lot of Japanese people in Barcelona = Hay mucha gente japonesa en Barcelona
-He´s a lazy person = El es una persona perezosa
-It´s an expensive laptop  = Es un portátil caro
-You have a big house  = Tienes una casa grande
-People like to have red sports cars  = La gente le gusta comprar coches deportivos rojos

Here´s a the famous song by The Beatles "Yellow submarine"
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6dAmMlcxKI

También se usa los adjetivos con el verbo ser/estar
Cuando en español se dice:  "TENGO" HAMBRE
En inglés se usa el verbo ser/estar y se dice :  "I´M HUNGRY" y no SE DICE:  I "HAVE" HUNGRY
Mas ejemplos:
I´m cold  = Tengo frío
I´m hot  = Tengo calor
Are you hungry?  = Tienes hambre?
Is Linda cold?  = Tiene frío Linda?
I´m thirsty   = Tengo sed
I´m sleepy   = Tengo sueño
* I´m very hungry  = Tengo mucha hambre
*Para decir mucho o mucha con estos adjetivos se usa "VERY"- que significa "MUY"
  It´s very hot today  = Hace mucho calor hoy
  I´m very thirsty  = Tengo mucha sed
 * No se dice  =  I have a lot of thirsty

Here´s a song by Van Morrison "Hungry for your love"  = Estoy hambriento(tengo hambre) por tu amor
Lyrics                                                                           Translated by ajm
I'm hungry for your love                                       Estoy hambriento por tu amor
I'm hungry for your love                                       Tengo hambre por tu amor
I'm hungry for your love                                       Tengo hambre por tu amor
But I can wait now                                              Pero no puedo esperar ahora 
I'm on the telephone                                            Estoy hablando por teléfono
And I am all alone                                                Y estoy completamente solo
I'm on the telephone                                            Estoy hablando por teléfono
And we're connected                                           Y estamos conectados
I got such a lot of love                                        Tengo tanto amor
I wanna give it to you                                          Que te quiero dar
I got such a lot of love                                         Tengo tanto amor
I wanna give it to you                                          Que te quiero dar
I got such a lot of love                                         Tengo tanto amor
I wanna give it to you                                          Que te quiero dar
And though we're far apart                                    Aunque estemos lejos
You are here in my heart                                       Estas en mi corazón 
And though we're far apart                                    Aunque estemos lejos
You're part of me now                                           Eres parte de mi ahora
And after all the years                                           Después de tantos años
And after all the tears                                           Después de tantas lagrimas
And after all the tears                                           Después de tantas lagrimas
There's just the truth now                                     Solo queda la verdad ahora

Repeat Chorus
Well, I'm hungry                                                   Bueno, estoy hambriento
for your love                                                       por tu amor
Hungry for your love                                             Hambriento por tu amor
Well, I'm hungry, yeah,                                          Hambriento, si
well, I'm hungry                                                    bueno, hambriento
For your love now                                                 Por tu amor ahora
I love you in buckskin, yeah, yeah                           Te quiero en pantalones de cuero, si, si
I love you in buckskin, yeah, yeah                           Te quiero en pantalones de cuero, si, si
I love you, I love you,                                           Te quiero, te quiero
I love you, I love you                                            Te quiero, te quiero
I love you, I love you,                                           Te quiero, te quiero
I love you, I love you                                            Te quiero, te quiero
I love you now                                                     Te quiero ahora
I'm hungry for your love                                         Estoy hambriento por tu amor
I'm hungry for your love                                         Estoy hambriento por tu amor


*En la canción se usa "wanna", el cual es otra forma de decir want to
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PD3inM2k_4


También se usa adjetivos detrás de verbos de percepción: Look / Feel / Sound / Taste / Seem / Smell
Ejemplos:
-You look sleepy   = Parece que tengas sueño
-I feel good   = Me siento bien
-This trip to India sounds interesting  = Este viaje a la India suena interesante
-This pizza tastes delicious = Esta pizza tiene un sabor delicioso
-You seem depressed = Te noto / pareces deprimido
-This apple pie smells really good  = Esta tarta de manzana huele pero que muy bien

And do you remember James Brown singing "I feel good"  = Me siento bien
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuDeBcpLITQ


Cuando se usa varios adjetivos en una frase hay que usar este orden:
1. Tamaño
2. Edad
3. Forma
4. Color
5. Material
6. Origen

Un ejemplo:
I have a big, old, green, steel English bicycle
-Tengo una bici grande y vieja de color verde, echa de hierro fabricada en Alemania
* Es mas fácil hacer la construcción en ingles que en español


También se usa adjetivos con la palabra "HOW", aunque en español se usa "QUE"
Ejemplos:
How nice!  = Que bién
How expensive!  = Que caro!
How dirty!  =  Que sucio!
How hot!   = Que calor!
How cheeky!   = Que morro!  / Que caradura!
How silly!   = Que tonto!
How interesting!  = Que interesante
How far!   = Que lejos!
How busy you are!  = Que ocupado estas!
How boring your job is!  = Que aburrido es tu trabajo!
How good this coffee is!  = Que bueno está este café
How young!  = Que joven!
How beautiful!  = Que hermoso!
How romantic you are!   = Que romántico eres!
How wonderful!  = Que maravilloso!
How windy it is!  = Cuanto viento hace!


Translation exercise (ver solución abajo)

1. No tengo mucha hambre porque comí bastante tarde
2. Que coche mas pequeño!
3. Que calor hace hoy! Estoy sudando como un cerdo
4. Esta mañana me siento bien porque dormí bien toda la noche sin levantarme para mear
5. Parece que estás muy cansado
6. Me compre un portátil rojo pequeño
7. Soy una persona muy perezosa los domingos
8. Tienes un jefe simpático. Eso depende que día es
9. Que morro tienes! Les has dicho que hablas ingles muy bien
10 Tengo una sed que me muero! Vamos a tomar algo
11. Que aburrida estaba la película! Nos salimos por la mitad
12. Que sucio tengo el coche! Lo voy a lavar ahora mismo
13. Que café mas bueno! ¿Donde lo has comprado?
14. Si tienes frío puedo poner la calefacción
15. Mi amigo tiene una moto grande y vieja de color rojo
16. Que frío hace esta mañana.
17. Cuanto viento hacía anoche! 



Here´s a nice old romantic song by Cliff Richard "How wonderful to know" = Que maravilloso saber
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvUFy6QsXl8


Lyrics                                                            Translated into Spanish by ajm
How wonderful to know                              Que maravilloso saber
you really love me                                          que realmente me quieres
How wonderful to know                                Que maravilloso saber
you really care                                                 que te importo
How beautiful to feel                                   Que hermoso sentir
my arms around you                                      mis brazos abrazándote
Kissing your eyes, hearing your sighs,            Besando su ojos, oyendo tus suspiros
touching your hair.                                         tocando tu pelo
How wonderful to know                                Que maravilloso conocer
sunshine and laughter                                     los rayos de sol y la risa
That fills my empty heart                                Que llena mi corazón vacío
with love devine                                               con amor divino
To share this life with you                               Para compartir esta vida contigo
now and hereafter                                          ahora y para siempre
How wonderful to know                                Que maravilloso saber
that you are mine.                                           que eres mío / mia
To share this life with you                               Para compartir esta vida contigo
now and hereafter                                          ahora y para siempre
How wonderful to know                                Que maravilloso saber
that you are mine                                           que eres mio

Translation solution
1.I´m not very hungry because I ate rather late
2.What a small car!
3.How hot it is today! I´m sweating like a pig
4.This morning I feel good because I slept well all night without getting up to pee
5.It looks like you´re really tired
6.I bought a small red laptop
7.I´m a very lazy person on Sunday
8.You have a nice boss. That depends on what day it is
9. How cheeky can you get! You told them you speak english very well
10.I´m thirsty as hell! Let´s go have a drink
11.How boring the movie (film) was! We left in the middle
12.How dirty my car is! I´m going to wash it right now
13. What good coffee! Where did you buy it?
14. If you´re cold I can turn on the heating
15. My friend has a big old red motorcycle
16. How cold it is this morning!
17. How windy it was last night!






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  39. Hola, Alan:
    En los ejercicios 16 y 17 ¿se podría decir: "How cold this morning is" y "How windy last night was"?
    Es que en los ejemplos pones "How good this coffee is" o "How windy it is", y por eso pensaba que el verbo siempre iba al final de la frase.
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  40. Hola Luciana. Gramaticamente si....pero tambien se puede decir de la otra manera, el cual es mas coloquial.
    Que nivel de inglés tienes, por curiosidad?
    Un saludo

    ResponderEliminar
    Respuestas
    1. Pues... no sabría decirte qué nivel tengo, supongo que un nivel medio (si es que eso aclara algo); puedo leer libros y artículos en inglés y lo entiendo bastante bien, pero a la hora de hablarlo o escribirlo me entran mil dudas; por eso me gusta tu blog, porque los ejercicios de traducción son los que más me ayudan a entrenarme; de hecho noto que tengo mucha más facilidad para los ejercicios ahora que al principio. ¿Por qué lo preguntas?
      Un saludo,
      Luciana

      Eliminar
  41. campo de verano en tarragona said: Excelente recurso, me encantó la exposición detallada sobre los adjetivos, me ayudó harto a establecer la relación entre estos y su correspondencia en la oración

    ResponderEliminar